Several menstrual stages that women go through in life

　　Menstruation is when Uterus The endometrium sloughs off and bleeds out of the vagina. Generally, menstruation occurs once every 28 days to 30 days, with blood loss of about 50ml, lasting 3 to 7 days. Regularity is a necessary condition for fertility, indicating that the reproductive system is functioning normally and is a good healthy important symbol. However, in addition to normal menstruation, there are also some special menstruation.

　　1. Menarche : The human reproductive system is in a "dormant" state for a long time after birth. As the girl grows and develops, menstruation begins when a girl is around thirteen or fourteen years old. The first menstrual period is medically called "menarche." “"Menarche" is female An important sign of the arrival of puberty, some girls may have irregular menstrual cycles for a period of time after menarche. The main reason is that the menstrual cycle regulation function is not stable enough and is easily affected by internal and external factors, such as physical, emotional and environmental changes. Pay attention to psychological counseling and health care.

　　2、Dysmenorrhea : Medically called primary dysmenorrhea. Most of them occur within 1 to 2 years after menarche. The pain first appears 12 hours before menstruation. It is painful on the first day of menstruation and lasts for 2 to 3 days. The pain varies in degree, mainly in the lower abdomen, and can radiate to the lumbosacral area and inner thighs, sometimes accompanied by nausea, vomiting, diarrhea , dizziness, fatigue, etc. Physical examination and instrument examination without organic matter sexually transmitted diseases Change. Oral analgesics and birth control pills can be used, and psychological treatment is also important.

　　3、menopause : After women experience the period of vigorous fertility in young adulthood, their ovarian function begins to naturally decline and the secretion of sex hormones decreases. Up to a certain limit, the endometrium no longer sheds periodically and bleeds, and there is no menstruation. The last menstrual period is called menopause. There is often a transition period before menopause, when menstruation is irregular, accompanied by some physical and psychological changes, such as headache, low-grade fever, eyelid edema, breast distended pain , low back pain, thirst, oral mucosal ulcers, and emotional instability are called "premenstrual syndrome." In addition to self-adjustment of mental state, you can appropriately supplement estrogen for treatment under the guidance of a doctor, or you can try Maihu Dihuang Decoction.

　　4. Menstrual stimulation : After pregnancy, the ovaries stop ovulating and menstruation will not come again. However, a very small number of women still have a small amount of vaginal bleeding like menstruation in early pregnancy, which is called "menstruation". Modern medical research believes that this is related to the level of hormones in the body. In the early stages of pregnancy, the level of progesterone in the body is low, and the formation of uterine decidua is not perfect, resulting in bleeding, which is mistaken for "menstruation." This phenomenon does not exceed 4 months after pregnancy and is harmful to the mother and fetus No adverse effects.

　　5、amenorrhea : People over the age of 18 who have not yet had menstruation are called primary amenorrhea. Except for pregnancy, breastfeeding and menopause, menstruation has started and then stopped, and it is called secondary amenorrhea for more than 3 months. Systemic diseases, environmental changes, and mental stimulation can affect ovarian function and cause amenorrhea. Certain reproductive organ lesions or developmental abnormalities can also cause amenorrhea. Amenorrhea should be checked as early as possible to find out the cause and treat it in time, otherwise it may affect fertility. For adolescent amenorrhea, we must first pay attention to menstrual hygiene, keep warm, reasonably arrange study and life, eliminate stress factors, improve nutritional status, and especially stop inappropriate weight loss. Treatment measures such as menstruation, endocrine regulation, and ovulation promotion can be used. If it doesn't work, drugs can be used to restore the artificial cycle.

　　6. Reverse menstruation : Whenever some women have menstruation, they will experience hemoptysis in the mouth, bleeding in the nose, or even bleeding in the external auditory canal, bleeding in the eye conjunctiva, or blood in the stool. This is medically called "compensated menstruation" and is commonly known as "abnormal menstruation." There are also "abnormal menstruation" due to trauma, such as dilation and curettage, caesarean section, and hysterectomy. The endometrium shifts to parts other than the uterus such as the lungs, pleura, digestive tract, and subcutaneous tissue. It is regulated by estrogen like the original endometrium, causing proliferation and shedding. Medically, it is called "endometrial displacement syndrome." When menstruation begins, blood in sputum or hemoptysis, periodic hematuria, hematemesis, blood in the stool and subcutaneous bleeding will occur. Bleeding will stop after menopause. If "abnormal menstruation" occurs, you should go to the hospital for treatment in time.

　　7. Dark Sutra : Some women of childbearing age have cyclic changes in the ovaries and endometrium, but no menstrual blood flows out. This situation is called "dark menstruation". Dark menstruation does not affect fertility. This situation is extremely rare and can only be confirmed after a comprehensive examination by a hospital specialist.

　　What should a normal menstruation look like?

　　Periodic vaginal bleeding in a woman is called menstruation. To measure whether a woman's menstruation is normal, it can generally be judged from the following aspects.

　　menstrual period : The period of vaginal bleeding is called menstruation. Most people’s menstrual period lasts for 3-5 days, but it can be as little as 1-2 days or as long as 7-8 days, which is also within the normal range.

　　menstrual blood volume : The amount of menstrual blood in a normal menstrual period is 20-120 ml, mostly 50 ml. It is the largest on the second or third day of menstruation, and then gradually decreases.

　　menstrual cycle : The period from the first day of menstruation to the first day of next menstrual cramp is called a menstrual cycle. The vast majority of people have a cycle between 28-35 days, but there are also a few people whose cycle is as short as 20 days or as long as 45 days. Within the above range, as long as menstruation is regular, it is normal.

　　Characteristics of menstrual blood : Menstrual blood is characterized by non-coagulation and dark red color. In addition to blood, menstrual blood also contains shed endometrium fragments, cervical mucus and vaginal epithelial cells.

　　Normal menstruation is a sign that the female internal genitalia is developing normally and functioning well.