What are the six aspects of content requirements for specific sports skills?

I have been training youth amateur sports for almost 7 years. Whether it is based on the requirements of sports and health curriculum standards or the default assessment logic in the industry, the six core content requirements for special sports skills are special basic skills, special adaptive physical fitness, flexible tactical application ability, special perception and decision-making intelligence, special psychological control ability, special rule literacy and social adaptability.

It seems quite abstract when it comes to talking about it, but you can understand it at a glance when you put it into a specific project. Take the basketball project that I often teach as an example. Basic skills are the lowest threshold. The more standardized the movements of dribbling, passing, and shooting are, and the stronger the muscle memory is, the greater the room for advancement will be. I have seen many children who want to practice fancy dunks when they first come up. They even walk every now and then for a three-step layup, and there is no real improvement after half a year of practice.

To have skills, you must have physical support. What we are talking about here is not general physical fitness that you can run five kilometers, but the ability to fully adapt to the characteristics of the event: Basketball requires the explosive power of continuous turning back and forth, and the core control of grabbing rebounds. Badminton requires instant explosive power of the wrist and control of strides in the front and rear courts. If you play for 20 minutes and you are panting with your hands on your hips, you will be unable to speak, no matter how good your skills are, you will not be able to use them.

Having the body and skills alone means just "being able to play". To play well, you must understand tactics, and you cannot memorize the tactical boards given by the coach. You must be able to flexibly adjust according to the situation on the field. Last month we played in the amateur league in the zone, and the opponent's center kept squatting under the basket. Our team's small forward was originally practicing to attack the frame after the pick-and-roll. On the spot, he changed to a three-pointer after the pick-and-roll. He scored three in a row and directly stopped the opponent. This is the ability to use tactics in place.

Going a step further, it is the "court instinct" that everyone often ridicules, which belongs to the part of specialized perception and decision-making intelligence. It is not mysterious to say that it is mysterious. It means that table tennis players can know the strength of the rotation by listening to the sound of hitting the racket, and football defenders can know the position of their teammates to cover the ball without looking back. These are conditioned reflexes honed by practicing too much, and they are much more effective than thinking about how to deal with it after half a beat.

Another thing that is easily overlooked is the ability of psychological control. Many children usually hit free throws in training. When there are three seconds left in the game and the penalty is won, their hands are shaking so much that they can't even hold the ball.

The last item seems to have nothing to do with "skills", but it is actually very important. It is rules literacy and social adaptability. You can't deliberately step on your feet, bump into people and do tricks in order to win. If you lose, throw your jersey and scold the referee. You must also be able to cooperate with teammates of different styles and obey the coach's arrangements. These are the basis for your long-term participation in this sport. Previously, there was a kid in our team who was very good at it. He scolded his teammates whenever the ball was stolen. After playing for half a year, no one wanted to team up with him. No matter how good he was, it was useless.

There are different voices in the industry now. Many teachers who study sports rehabilitation think that special injury prevention ability should be listed as a seventh item. However, the current mainstream still puts it under special physical fitness and sports intelligence. After all, being able to judge what actions will cause injury and proactively adjust the way of exerting force is also a requirement for physical control and on-field decision-making. To put it bluntly, these six requirements are to enable you to not only play this sport well, but also to keep playing and have fun, and to make friends through sports. Isn’t this the original intention of practicing special sports?