What is the reason for large testicle size?

Oversized testicles may be caused by orchitis, testicular hydrocele, testicular tumors, varicocele, epididymal cysts, etc., and are usually accompanied by symptoms such as pain, swelling, and fever. It is recommended to seek medical examination promptly and provide targeted treatment after the cause is determined.

1. Orchitis

Orchitis is mostly caused by bacterial or viral infection. Common pathogens include Escherichia coli, mumps virus, etc. The acute stage manifests as redness, swelling, heat and pain in the testicles, which may be accompanied by chills and high fever. Treatment requires the use of antibiotics such as ceftriaxone sodium for injection and levofloxacin tablets as directed by the doctor, combined with bed rest and scrotal elevation. Chronic inflammation may lead to testicular tissue hyperplasia.

2. Testicular hydrocele

Abnormal accumulation of fluid in the intrathecal cavity will increase the size of the scrotum and make it appear cystic on palpation. It can be caused by congenital factors, trauma, or infection. A small amount of effusion may be absorbed by itself, but a large amount of effusion requires a sheath inversion operation. Ultrasound examination can determine the amount of fluid accumulation, which needs to be differentiated from inguinal hernia.

3. Testicular tumors

Germ cell tumors such as seminoma may cause the testicles to become painlessly enlarged and hard-textured. The detection of tumor markers AFP and HCG combined with ultrasound examination can assist diagnosis. Treatment options depend on the type of pathology and may involve radical orchiectomy combined with cisplatin injection chemotherapy.

4. Varicocele

Abnormal dilation of the spermatic venous plexus is more common on the left side. After standing for a long time, the scrotum feels swollen and swollen. In severe cases, vermiform varicose veins can be seen. Mild cases can be relieved by wearing tight underwear, while severe cases require laparoscopic high spermatic vein ligation. May affect sperm quality and cause infertility.

5. Epididymal cyst

Cystic masses that form in the head of the epididymis are usually benign and may be palpable as palpable masses exceeding 2 cm in diameter. Small asymptomatic cysts do not require treatment, but surgical removal may be considered for larger cysts that are painful. It is necessary to identify testicular tumors through ultrasound, and it is forbidden to perform puncture and draw fluid by yourself.

In daily life, you should avoid strenuous exercise that impacts the scrotum and wear loose and breathable underwear. Regularly self-examine testicular morphological changes. If you find that the size of the testicles has increased significantly in a short period of time, the texture has become hard, or it is accompanied by abnormal urination, you must immediately go to the urology department for treatment. It is prohibited to apply heat or take painkillers to cover up symptoms without authorization. All treatments must be carried out under the guidance of a doctor.