alert! Symptoms of premature ovarian failure in women

　　female Ovarian failure due to depletion of follicles in the ovaries or due to iatrogenic damage before the age of 45, characterized by low estrogen and high gonadotropin, manifesting as secondary amenorrhea Hewei menopause Those with early stage symptoms are called premature ovarian failure。

　　The exact pathogenic factors and mechanisms are still unclear, and the causes include genetic factors, autoimmunity disease , iatrogenic injury (such as ovarian blood supply affected by radiotherapy, chemotherapy, hormones or surgery), etc.

　　According to reports, the incidence of premature ovarian failure is 1% before the age of 45 and 1‰ before the age of 35. The process of ovarian function decline in most patients is gradual and reversible. After correct treatment, most patients diagnosed with premature ovarian failure recover their ovarian function and even become pregnant. Generally, the shorter the course of the disease, the greater the chance of recovery of ovarian function. clinical Manifested as secondary amenorrhea, infertility and symptoms of menopausal syndrome:

　　1. Menstrual disorders It can manifest in three forms: prolonged menstrual cycle or intermittent amenorrhea, with reduced menstrual volume, shortened menstrual periods, and finally menopause; or shortened and frequent menstrual cycles, prolonged menstrual periods, increased menstrual volume, and even heavy vaginal bleeding or wetness, which then gradually decreases until menopause; or sudden cessation of menstruation, which is less common.

　　2. Changes in the reproductive tract Pain during intercourse and difficulty; vaginal burning sensation, leucorrhea yellow in color and smelly, even bloody, this is senile Vaginitis Performance; Uterus Cervical canal atrophy and atresia may cause pyometra; or the uterus and other reproductive organs may atrophy.

　　3. Vasomotor syndrome Commonly seen as skin Flushing, hot flashes, sweating, dizziness, etc. The most typical symptom is hot flashes and sweating. The frequency of attacks is paroxysmal, ranging from several to dozens of times a day; the duration is from seconds to minutes.

　　4. Psychiatric symptoms Worry, memory loss, difficulty concentrating, irritability, insomnia, even moodiness, etc. The symptoms are especially obvious in women who have been mentally unstable in the past.

　　5. Urinary tract symptoms Frequent urination, urgency, urinary incontinence or urinary retention are caused by the reduction of estrogen, which causes the urethra and bladder to shrink.

　　6. Skin and hair symptoms The skin is thin, loses elasticity, and wrinkles appear; skin pigmentation occurs, mostly on the face, back of hands, and calves; hair gradually falls off and white hair appears.

　　7. Bone and joint symptoms Osteoporosis is the most important complication for postmenopausal women, manifesting as soreness in the neck, waist, back, shoulders, knees, and arms; the incidence of fractures has increased significantly, and common locations are ribs, vertebrae, hips, limbs, and femoral necks.

　　8. Cardiovascular disease Menopausal hypertension is characterized by mainly elevated systolic blood pressure with large fluctuations; or "pseudoangina" occurs, often with self-reported precordial spasm, palpitations, paroxysmal tachycardia or bradycardia. Because estrogen can lower blood lipids and prevent arteriosclerosis, postmenopausal women are more likely to suffer from hypertension and coronary heart disease before menopause.