Special sports skill content requirements mainly include

Special sports skill content requirements mainly include five core dimensions: basic technical specifications, special physical reserves, tactical application capabilities, event adaptation literacy, and injury prevention and control cognition. There is no unified quantitative standard and needs to be dynamically adjusted based on different project attributes and practitioner level goals.

I have been training youth sports for almost 8 years. Over the years, I have seen too many misunderstandings about "special skill requirements". The most common one is to equate it with "being able to do a few standard movements", which is not the case at all. Last month, I helped a friend's child choose a basketball class, and I met two coaches who started arguing on the spot: One was an old coach who had retired from the system, and insisted that the children who were just starting out should practice dribbling and footwork for three months without touching them in actual combat. ； The other is a young coach with a background in street basketball. He said that he must play 3v3 at least twice a week, otherwise all the moves he practices will be useless and will not be used on the field. Who is right and who is wrong? In fact, these two views correspond to the deviation of skill requirements under different goals, and there is no absolute superiority.

Let’s start with the basic technical specifications, which are the easiest to find details. It’s not just that you pose exactly the same in front of a video and you’re up to standard. I used to learn badminton lofty shots by myself. At first, I wanted to hit the ball far away, so I swung my arms and buckled hard. After practicing for two weeks, my arms hurt so much that I couldn't lift them. Later, I asked a coach to change my movements, and I realized that the correct way to exert force is to start from pushing on the ground, turning along the waist and abdomen to send the force to the arms, and the last click with my fingers is the key. After the modification, it not only saves effort, but also the ball speed is one-third faster than before. The technical requirements for different sports are quite different. The forehand attack in table tennis requires that the angle error of the racket surface should not exceed 15 degrees, otherwise it will easily go out of bounds or off the net. However, if you are practicing fighting, the punching angle will be flexibly adjusted according to the actual combat scene, and sticking to the standard posture will be easy for the opponent to predict.

Many people have a greater misunderstanding of special physical fitness. They always think that it is just running five kilometers and squatting with barbells. The more tired you are, the more effective it is. Don't mention it. In the past two years, there were old coaches from sports schools who believed that "techniques are not enough and physical strength is not enough" and asked the team members to run ten laps every day before practicing skills. Now the functional training circle has long disapproved of this practice - the core of marathon runners' training is the endurance to maintain a stable stride for a long time, and the core of weightlifters' training is instant burst of strength. If you ask marathon runners to practice heavy squats, not only is it useless, but it may also stiffen the muscles and affect the flexibility of running movements. The controversy is still there. The traditionalists believe that physical fitness is the foundation, and you must first build up your physical fitness to a threshold before practicing skills. The modernists believe that physical fitness must fully serve technical movements, and you must combine special movements when practicing physical fitness. Athletes who come out of both training methods have won championships. It is just that the events and people they are suitable for are different.

If technology and physical fitness are the cards in your hand, tactics are how to play out the cards in your hand. I once led an amateur football team. The team members were all young men in their early twenties. They could run fast and jump high. They rarely encountered opponents when playing wild football. However, they went to play in an amateur league in the city and lost to a group of uncles with an average age of over 40 in the first game. The uncles did not compete with them for speed. Of course, the tactical requirements do not need to be unified. Novices who are just starting out do not need to learn any complicated tactical combinations. On the basketball court, they know not to stand in the way of their teammates' breakthrough routes. In badminton doubles, they know not to steal the ball from their teammates in the backcourt. They have already reached the standard. Only when you reach the professional team level do you need to figure out the details of dozens of tactics.

Another point that many people ignore is the ability to adapt to competitions. To put it bluntly, it means "if you practice well in normal times, can you perform it on the field?" I've seen too many kids who can hit 9 out of 10 in their usual shooting training. Once they go on the court to play a formal game, they panic when someone next to them shouts "Come on," and they can't even touch the frame. There are a lot of tricks here: First of all, you have to understand the rules thoroughly. Don’t play half a game of basketball and still don’t know how to judge walking. ； Then there is stress resistance. In projects like archery and shooting, psychology accounts for even more than technology. ； There are also some "little tricks" that only old athletes know, such as deliberately tying your shoelaces for two seconds when you are tired from playing badminton, and deliberately seeking confrontation to cause a foul during a fast break in basketball. These are "soft skills" that coaches will not explicitly teach, but are part of the "soft power" of specialized skills.

Finally, both professional and amateur circles now regard injury prevention and control as a core requirement. The old saying that "if you get injured is because you haven't practiced enough, just bite the bullet and get over it" has long been no longer mentioned. Marathon runners must be able to judge whether they have normal muscle soreness or if they are "hitting the wall", and know how to adjust their stride length to reduce knee wear. ； Basketball players need to know how to land correctly, so as not to sprain their feet as soon as they jump down. Of course, some people think that "you have to make sacrifices to achieve results, and you can't achieve good results if you can't stand any injuries." There are supporters of both views, but now more people are willing to integrate injury prevention and control into the entire training process. After all, only with a longer sports life can we achieve better results.

To put it bluntly, the requirements for specific sports skills have never been based on tables. If you just want to play health ball with friends on the weekend, you will be considered qualified if you can catch the ball, run two steps without losing breath, and play for an entire afternoon without getting injured.； If you want to win a ranking in a competition, you have to figure out the millisecond error of every action, even what you eat before the competition and what time you sleep. The most reasonable requirements are those that suit your goals.