Sexual health test: Use tomatoes to see if you will cheat!

Patients with dysmenorrhea usually need to undergo gynecological examination, ultrasound examination, hormone level testing, hysteroscopy, tumor marker screening and other items when visiting the gynecology department. Dysmenorrhea may be related to endometriosis, adenomyosis, pelvic inflammatory disease and other diseases, and the cause needs to be determined based on the examination results.

1. Gynecological examination

Assess the location and size of the uterus and the presence of tender masses in the adnexal area through bimanual or trimanual examination. If a fixed retroverted uterus is found with tender sacral ligament nodules, it may indicate endometriosis. The bladder needs to be emptied before the examination, and the examination should be postponed if there is heavy menstrual bleeding.

2. Ultrasound examination

Transvaginal ultrasound can clearly show the uterine shape and endometrial thickness. In adenomyosis, diffuse thickening of the myometrium with palisade echoes can be seen. Pelvic ultrasound can identify organic lesions such as ovarian chocolate cysts. It is necessary to hold back urine and fill the bladder before the examination.

3. Hormone testing

On the 2nd to 4th day of menstruation, blood is drawn to check follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone and other sex hormones to rule out endocrine diseases such as polycystic ovary syndrome. Progesterone testing can determine whether there is ovulation disorder, and patients with hyperprolactinemia need to additionally test prolactin levels.

4. Hysteroscopy

By observing the shape of the uterine cavity and the opening of the fallopian tubes under direct vision, lesions such as submucosal fibroids and intrauterine adhesions can be diagnosed. The examination may cause mild abdominal distension and pain, and prophylactic antibiotics such as cefixime dispersible tablets need to be used to prevent infection after surgery.

5. Tumor markers

Elevated CA125 is common in endometriosis and pelvic inflammatory disease, and abnormal CA199 should alert to ovarian malignant tumors. Joint detection of HE4 can improve specificity, but physiological factors such as pregnancy and menstrual period need to be excluded.

Patients with dysmenorrhea should record their menstrual cycles and pain patterns daily and avoid strenuous exercise during menstruation. You can try hot compress on the lower abdomen to relieve cramps. In severe cases, follow your doctor's advice and use painkillers such as ibuprofen sustained-release capsules. If organic disease is found during examination, drug or surgical treatment must be carried out according to regulations. Patients with endometriosis may consider using dienogest tablets to inhibit the progression of the disease. It is recommended to have a gynecological examination every year. Abnormal bleeding or worsening pain should be followed up in time.