What should I do if I find cervical polyps and persistent bleeding during pregnancy?

Recurrent bleeding from cervical polyps found during pregnancy can be intervened through vaginal medication, laser treatment, surgical resection, etc., which is usually related to factors such as hormonal changes and chronic inflammatory stimulation. It is recommended to seek medical evaluation promptly and avoid self-treatment.

1. Vaginal medication

For pregnant women with light bleeding, doctors may recommend the use of topical drugs such as Baofukang suppository or recombinant human interferon α2b vaginal effervescent tablets. This type of drug can reduce the inflammatory response and relieve capillary bleeding on the polyp surface. Strict bed rest is required during the medication, and strenuous activities should be avoided to stimulate the cervix. If drug allergy or uterine contractions occur, the drug must be stopped immediately.

2. Laser treatment

Carbon dioxide laser or Nd:YAG laser is suitable for small polyps with pedicles and reduces the risk of bleeding by precisely vaporizing the lesions. Contraindications such as low-lying placenta need to be ruled out before treatment, and progesterone capsules may be used to maintain pregnancy after surgery. This method has less bleeding, but there is a possibility of postoperative infection, and it needs to be combined with antibiotic prophylaxis.

3. Surgical resection

For polyps with thick pedicles and repeated heavy bleeding, cervical polyp removal can be performed in the second trimester. The surgery requires protective measures such as cervical cerclage to avoid stimulation that could lead to miscarriage. Fetal heart rate and vaginal secretions need to be monitored after surgery, and dydrogesterone tablets should be used to maintain hormone levels if necessary. There is a risk of premature birth in this method, and the benefit ratio needs to be fully evaluated.

4. Compression to stop bleeding

In acute bleeding, sterile gauze can be used temporarily to pack and compress, and magnesium sulfate wet compress can be used to reduce local congestion. This method is only an emergency measure, and the packing needs to be removed within 2 hours to prevent infection. The operation must be completed by an obstetrician to avoid damaging the internal cervical os.

5. Expect treatment

Asymptomatic small polyps can be left untreated for the time being, and anemia can be prevented by increasing dietary iron intake (such as animal liver, spinach). It is recommended to review ultrasound every week to observe polyp changes and avoid stimulation from sexual life and bathing. If regular contractions occur or bleeding worsens, you need to be hospitalized immediately.

To care for cervical polyps during pregnancy, you need to keep the vulva clean, wash the perineum with warm water every day, and choose pure cotton breathable underwear. Increase the intake of high-quality protein such as fish and eggs in the diet, and supplement vitamin C to promote capillary repair. Avoid standing for long periods of time or lifting heavy objects, and wipe from front to back after using the toilet. It is recommended to have an obstetrical examination every 2 weeks to monitor hemoglobin and fetal development. You should seek emergency care if you experience bright red bleeding or abdominal pain.