What are the reasons for increased vaginal discharge in women?

An increase in vaginal discharge in women may be related to factors such as hormonal changes, vaginitis, cervicitis, pelvic inflammatory disease, or tumors of the reproductive system. An increase in vaginal discharge is typically characterized by an increased amount of secretions, as well as changes in their color or texture. It may also be accompanied by symptoms such as itching or an unpleasant odor.

1. Hormonal changes

Fluctuations in estrogen levels during the menstrual cycle can lead to an increase in physiological vaginal discharge, which is commonly observed during ovulation or pregnancy. At this time, the vaginal discharge is clear and egg-white-like, with no unpleasant odor, and therefore no special treatment is required. Maintain regular cleanliness of the perineal area by wearing cotton underwear and changing it frequently.

2. Vaginitis

Bacterial vaginosis or a fungal infection can cause an increase in abnormal vaginal discharge, which is often accompanied by a curd-like consistency or a fishy odor. It may be related to excessive cleaning or a weakened immune system. It is necessary to use medications such as metronidazole vaginal effervescent tablets, clotrimazole vaginal suppositories, or fluconazole capsules under the guidance of a physician.

3. Cervicitis

Cervical inflammation caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae or Chlamydia trachomatis can lead to purulent vaginal discharge, and may be accompanied by bleeding during intercourse. A definitive diagnosis requires testing cervical secretions. Treatment can involve antibiotics such as azithromycin dispersible tablets or doxycycline tablets, and physical therapy of the cervix may be necessary in some cases.

4. Pelvic inflammatory disease

An ascending infection causing pelvic inflammatory disease can result in yellow-green discharge, accompanied by lower abdominal pain and fever. It may be related to a history of intrauterine procedures. Intravenous administration of ceftriaxone sodium combined with doxycycline is required; in severe cases, hospitalization is necessary.

5. Tumors of the reproductive system

Diseases such as endometrial cancer or fallopian tube cancer can cause bloody, watery vaginal discharge, which is commonly seen in postmenopausal women. Screening must be conducted using ultrasound and tumor markers; once a diagnosis is confirmed, surgical removal followed by radiotherapy and chemotherapy is required.

It is recommended to wash the external genital area with warm water daily, avoiding the use of alkaline cleansers. Wear loose, breathable cotton underwear and change it daily. During menstruation, replace your sanitary pads promptly. Reduce the intake of spicy and stimulating foods and maintain a regular schedule. If abnormal vaginal discharge persists for more than two weeks, or is accompanied by symptoms such as bleeding or abdominal pain, it is necessary to seek medical attention at a gynecology clinic as soon as possible for tests such as a routine vaginal discharge examination and an HPV test. Avoid self-medicating in an attempt to conceal the symptoms of your condition.