Routine physical examination entrance physical examination items

General basic physical examinations, routine medical and surgical screenings, infectious disease screenings, basic organ function tests, and special examinations adapted to school stages/majors will be fine-tuned according to actual needs in various regions and different school stages. There is no fixed list that is completely unified across the country.

A while ago, I helped my nephew who had just entered the first grade of junior high school to sort out the admission materials. I reviewed the entrance physical examination regulations in Beijing, Zhejiang, and Sichuan in the past three years. I also asked my best friend who works in the health department of a community hospital, and found that there are many misunderstandings about this type of physical examination. The most common controversy is "whether to test for hepatitis B or not." Many parents still think that hepatitis B must be tested twice before entering school. In fact, the Ministry of Education clearly issued a document in 2010 that the detection of hepatitis B markers is strictly prohibited in the entrance physical examination for ordinary school students to avoid discrimination against hepatitis B virus carriers. ； Only majors such as catering, nursing, and preschool education in some vocational colleges that have direct contact with food and susceptible groups can add relevant items to the search after the admissions brochure is published in advance. In the past, a parent complained about the school's mandatory hepatitis B test. Later, the school was indeed in violation, refunded the fee and apologized. Of course, some parents felt that "everyone can feel at ease if the test is done." The current policy actually balances privacy protection and collective safety. In ordinary situations, the test is not carried out, and special situations are notified in advance, so that both sides can be taken into consideration.

Talking about the routine items that everyone comes into contact with most every day, when you take your child for a physical examination, the height, weight, BMI, vital capacity, vision, and blood pressure will be measured as soon as you enter the door. These are basic physical examinations. Don’t underestimate these measurements. In the past two years, scoliosis screening has basically been included in the primary school entrance physical examination. The child is asked to bend down and touch their feet, and the doctor touches the spine to see if there is deformation. My best friend said that last year, their community screened 1,000 primary school freshmen and found more than 20 cases of mild scoliosis. After timely body correction, they all recovered well. If the scoliosis is not detected until puberty, severe cases may require wearing a brace or even surgery. Oh, by the way, don’t let your baby run wild before taking these tests. The little girl who was in front of us last time just spent 20 minutes catching butterflies downstairs, and her blood pressure soared to 140. Her mother was so scared that her face turned pale. After sitting there and playing with the tablet for half an hour and taking another test, it returned to the normal level of 100/60. It was a shock in vain.

Infectious disease screening is mandatory for all school stages. The core is tuberculosis screening, either PPD (tuberculin skin test) or low-dose chest X-ray. Many parents are opposed to chest X-rays when they hear that they are afraid of radiation. In fact, the radiation dose of low-dose chest X-rays is only 0.02 millisieverts, which is equivalent to the radiation amount of a 20-hour transoceanic flight. It has no effect on the human body. If the child is allergic to the PPD reagent, there is no problem in choosing a chest X-ray. Both methods are compliant. No one is more accurate than the other. It all depends on the unified arrangements of local disease control.

The blood test items generally only include blood routine and alanine aminotransferase. Many parents are confused again: "Didn't they say that hepatitis B is not checked? Why do we need to check liver function?" ”In fact, alanine aminotransferase tests whether there is acute damage to the liver. Even a common cold, fever, or staying up late to catch up on homework the day before may cause this indicator to rise. It has nothing to do with whether you have hepatitis B. Last year, my colleague's child stayed up until 12 o'clock the night before the physical examination to make up for his summer homework. His transaminase was twice as high as the normal value. After a week of rest at home and a reexamination, it was normal, and he would not be stuck in school at all.

There are also big differences between different school stages and majors. The physical examination in kindergarten will also include oral and amblyopia screening. After all, early detection and early intervention of children’s dental caries and amblyopia are the best.； Physical examinations in high schools and universities will include electrocardiograms and abdominal B-ultrasounds. If you are admitted to military academies or police academies, you will also be required to undergo physical fitness tests and psychological assessments. You will not be able to pass if you have a tattoo exceeding 3 centimeters. These are special requirements. Read the admissions brochure in advance to avoid any pitfalls.

Finally, I would like to remind everyone, don’t listen to private medical examination institutions’ scams about adding trace elements, bone density, and allergen tests. These are not required items for the entrance physical examination at all, and the school does not recognize them. It is a waste of money. I had a neighbor who was deceived and spent more than 400 yuan. As a result, when submitting the documents, the school only accepted the required pages of the report and did not even read the extra pages. In fact, the entrance physical examination is not as complicated as everyone thinks. It essentially has two purposes: first, to check for infectious diseases that are not suitable for collective living, and to detect and treat them early to avoid infecting other students. ； The second is to discover small problems in the child's growth and development in time, and intervene when they are small and the effect is good. Don't be overly anxious, and don't take it seriously. Just follow the instructions given by the school and go to the designated community hospital or CDC. If you have any questions, ask the school's health teacher directly. It is much more reliable than searching a bunch of information from unknown sources online.