The difference between cervical cysts and polyps

Cervical cysts and polyps are two different types of cervical lesions. The former is a cystic structure formed by the retention of glandular secretions, and the latter is a neoplasm formed by mucosal hyperplasia.

1. Differences in causes

Cervical cysts are often caused by chronic inflammation that causes glandular duct obstruction, and secretions cannot be discharged to form retention cysts. Polyps are related to abnormal estrogen levels and are common in chronic irritation or local blood vessel congestion. Physiological polyps may occur in some pregnant women.

2. Morphological characteristics

Most of the cysts are transparent or light yellow hemispherical bulges, with diameters ranging from 2 to 10 mm, and have a fluctuating feel when touched. Polyps appear as red tongue-like protrusions with smooth or lobulated surfaces. They are often pedunculated and brittle and prone to bleeding, and range in size from several millimeters to several centimeters.

3. Symptoms

Small cysts usually have no symptoms, and occasionally increased leucorrhea is seen. Polyps can easily cause contact bleeding, especially after sexual intercourse, which may be accompanied by increased menstrual flow or irregular bleeding. Larger polyps can cause abnormal vaginal discharge or a sinking feeling.

4. Inspection methods

The cyst showed a translucent bubble-like structure under colposcopy and showed no coloring in the acetic acid test. The distribution of vasa vasorum in polyps can be seen under the microscope, and the iodine test does not stain the polyps. If necessary, the tissue needs to be clamped and sent for pathological examination to rule out malignant lesions.

5. Processing principles

Asymptomatic cysts do not require special treatment, and can be punctured and drained when infected. It is recommended to surgically remove polyps and undergo pathological examination. Commonly used methods include polyp forceps and electroresection. Regular postoperative review is required to prevent recurrence.

Regular gynecological examinations can help detect cervical lesions early. You should pay attention to keeping the perineum clean on a daily basis, avoid over-washing and destroying the balance of bacterial flora, and take protective measures during intercourse. Seek medical attention promptly when abnormal vaginal bleeding or increased secretions occur. After surgery, patients should follow the doctor's advice and refrain from bathing and sexual intercourse for 1-2 months. The reexamination should be done 3-7 days after menstruation is clear.