What are the four items of disease screening?

The four disease screenings we often mention when seeking medical treatment, in most cases refer to the screening of four types of infectious diseases: hepatitis B (hepatitis B), hepatitis C (hepatitis C), AIDS, and syphilis.

Many people are exposed to this examination for the first time, either before surgery, before invasive operations such as gastroenteroscopy, or before donating blood or undergoing medical beauty projects. I met a young man who came to the emergency department for brow stitching before. I thought the doctor was prescribing random examinations. After listening to the explanation, I realized that checking these four items is to know the patient’s infection status in advance, so that if there is any abnormality, the follow-up treatment plan can be synchronized in a timely manner. Second, the medical staff can take targeted protection during the operation, which can not only avoid cross-infection between patients, but also reduce the risk of occupational exposure of medical staff.

However, not all the "four disease screening items" are these four. When I was doing community pre-pregnancy education, I encountered many people who were confused. If it is a eugenics-related screening done during pregnancy preparation, the four commonly mentioned items are actually Toxoplasma gondii, rubella virus, cytomegalovirus, and herpes simplex virus. It is also the "four items of teratogenicity" that everyone often hears. It is mainly used to detect infectious factors that may cause fetal development malformations. It is completely different from the four infectious items that are checked before surgery.

Nowadays, many people who have had high-risk contacts will take the initiative to ask for these four infection screenings. In fact, it is a very rational choice. The screening technology for these four types of diseases is very mature, and the window period is clear. As long as the corresponding window period is negative, the infection can basically be ruled out, and there is no need to keep wondering. If you are really not sure what kind of procedure you are going to have, just ask the doctor who issued the order directly, instead of guessing at the exam sheet.